Robert Greene

The 48 Laws of Power

One of the best books to read about building strategies and getting what you want. Be informed about the mistakes from the past. Packed with timeless lessons if you want to win power.

Book Summary

Play with fire by knowing its properties.

Learning the game of power requires a shift in perspective. It takes effort and years of practice. Master the skills and you will be able to apply the laws of power.

The key is to master your emotions. The single most barrier to overcome is to master your emotions. Emotions cloud reason. Among all the emotions, anger is the most destructive of emotional responses, for it clouds your vision the most.

Love and affection are also destructive. They blind you to the often self-serving interest of those you least suspect playing the power game.

Be able to look in both directions at once, to handle danger from wherever it comes. Look continuously to the future, and the other to the past. Nothing should catch you by surprise.

The further you see, the more steps you plan, the more powerful you become. Play with appearances. Be able to wear many masks. Deception is the most potent weapon in the game of power. And patience is your crucial shield. It will protect you from making moronic blunders. It doesn’t come naturally.

Half of your mastery of power comes from what you do not do. Take the indirect route to power. Do the least obvious way. This is the art of indirection.

 

Law # 1: Never outshine the master

Outshining the master is the greatest mistake of all. The master will just replace you as soon as a threat is seen. Puff up your master. Make him the sun that shines so bright. Everyone has insecurities. Have a different approach.

Law # 2: Never put too much trust in friends.

Learn how to use enemies. Friends are easily aroused to envy. But hire an enemy, and he will be more loyal than a friend. For he will have something to prove. A person who has something to prove will move mountains for you. If you don’t have enemies, find a way to make them. Beware of friends. They will betray you more quickly. Keys to Power: Have the ability to judge who is best able to further your interest in all situations. Keep friends for friendship, but work with a skilled competent. Your enemies are untapped goldmine that you must learn to exploit.

Law # 3: Conceal your intentions.

By talking about your desires and goals, just not the real ones. Keep people off-balance by not revealing your purpose behind your actions. Keys to Power: Most people are open books. They say what they feel and constantly reveal their plans. Because it is easy. It takes effort to control your tongue. They believe they are winning peoples hearts. Honesty is actually a blunt instrument, which bloodies more than it cuts. Your honesty is likely to offend people. Therefore, tailor your words and tell people what they want to hear. To be very open, it is almost impossible to respect or fear you. Conceal your intentions and you will have the upper hand. Hide your intentions not by closing up, but rather, by talking endlessly about your goals, ambitions… just not the real ones. You will kill 3 birds with 1 stone. Another tool is to use and express false sincerity. The noble gesture is one of the most deceptive behavior, one of the most effective smoke-screen. Our behavior conforms to the pattern. The pattern is also one of the tools of deception.

Law # 4: Always say less than necessary.

The more you say, the more common you appear. Powerful people impress by saying less. The more you say, the more you appear foolish. It is more damaging of a manager to say foolish things than to do them.

Law # 5: So much depends on your reputation. Guard it with your life.

Reputation is the cornerstone of power. Once it slips, you are easily attacked. Destroy enemies by opening holes in their reputations. Reputation will protect you from the dangerous game of appearances. Appearances are the main front on how people judge others.

Law # 6: Court attention at all cost.

Everything is judged by its appearance. Everything that is seen, counts. Surround your name with the sensational and scandalous. Stand out. Appear larger. Court scandal. Better to be slandered and attacked than ignored. First, established an image and appearance of yours. Then court attention, without discriminating any form of attention. People stand above from general mediocrity. Create an air of mystery. Don’t show all your cards.

Law # 7: Get others to do the work for you, but always take the credit.

Never do yourself what others can do for you. Be a businessman and publicist. See Thomas Edison and Nikolai Tesla example. Find people who have the skill you lack. Their creativity becomes yours. Built your achievements from others. The fool says they learn from their experience. The wise man says ‘I prefer to profit from others experiences.’ – Bismarck

Law # 8: Make other people come to you.

Use bait if necessary. When you force other people to act, you become in control. When you make the other person come to you, you wear him out, wasting his precious energy on the trip. Never react to your anger. But use others reaction to anger. Hold your emotions in check.

Law # 9: Win through your actions, never through argument.

Get others to agree with you through your actions. Demonstrate. Do not explicate.

Law # 10: Infection. Avoid the unhappy and the unlucky.

Associate with the happy and fortunate instead. Emotional states are as infectious as diseases. Associate with the generous then, and it will infect you. Never associate with those you that share your defects. Make this a rule of life and you will benefit with all the therapy in the world. Its application is universal. There’s nothing to be gain by those who infect you with misery.

Law # 11: Learn to keep people dependent on you.

To maintain your independence, you must always be needed and wanted. The more you are relied on, the more freedom you have. Make people depend on you for their happiness and prosperity. The ultimate power is to get people to do as you wish. Create a relationship of dependence. The master requires your services. That doing away with you would be a great difficulty. Once this is established, you have the upper hand. Be the servant of a king, who actually controls the king.

Law # 12: Use selective honesty and generosity to disarm others.

A timely gift. Once a sincere and honest move will cover the dishonest ones. A trojan horse, a tiny gift, will serve the same purpose. Have a one-time selective honesty. The essence of deception is a distraction. An act of kindness, generosity, or honesty disarms other people. It is giving before you take. The giving makes it hard for other people to notice the taking. It is more dangerous to ask people what you need. Learn to give before you take. It creates a distraction. A gift is the most perfect way to cover a deceptive move.

Law # 13: When asking for help, appeal to the people’s self-interest, never to their mercy or gratitude.

Uncover something in your request that will benefit him/her. It is their pleasure to be SEEN giving. When they ooze greed, do not appeal to their charity. When they look charitable and noble, do not appeal to their greed. In your quest for power, you will constantly find yourself in the position where you ask help to those who are more powerful than you. There is an art to asking for help. It is your ability to know who you are dealing with, and not be confused about your needs with theirs. Most people never succeed on this because they are constantly trapped in their own wants and desires. They talk as if their needs matter to these people, who actually cared less. If you make no appeal to their self-interest, you are seen, at best, a waste of time.

Law # 14: Pose as a friend. Work like a spy.

Use spies to get valuable information that will keep you a step ahead. Play the spy yourself. In social situations, learn to probe and ask indirect questions to get people to reveal their weaknesses and intentions. There is always an opportunity for artful spying. One is sincere in order to draw out the confidence and secrets of the other. By pretending to bare your heart to another person, in other words, they are more likely to reveal their own secrets. Give them a false confession and they will give you the real one. The emotional reaction can reveal all kinds of truths about themselves. Truths you can use against them.

Law # 15: Crush your enemy totally.

A feared enemy must be crushed completely. More is lost when stomping halfway than total annihilation. If they have no options, they will be forced to do your bidding. Give your enemies no room to maneuver. It is not a question of murder, it is a question of banishment. To have an ultimate victory, you must be ruthless.

Law # 16: Use absence to increase respect and honor.

Too much circulation makes the price go down. If you are already established in a group, temporarily withdraw from it will make you talked about, even admired. The more you are seen and heard from, the more common you appear. You must learn when to leave. Create value through scarcity. What withdraws, what becomes scarce, suddenly seems to deserve our respect and honor. What stays too long, inundating us by its presence makes us disdain it. The more you are seen and heard, the more your value degrades. You become a habit. People respect you, less and less. At the right moment, you must learn to withdraw yourself, before people push you away. It is a game of hide and seek.

Law # 17: Keep others in suspended terror.

Cultivate an air of unpredictability. Be deliberately unpredictable. Turn the tables. Behavior that has no consistency and purpose, keeps people off balance. Unpredictability is the tactic of a master. The best calculation is the absence of a calculation. – Picasso. A warning: Unpredictability can work against you if you are in the position of a subordinate. There are times where it’s better to make people be comfortable around you than disturb them. Too much unpredictability will be seen as an indecisive or psychic serious problem. Patterns are powerful and you can terrify people by disrupting them. Such power should only be used judiciously.

Law # 18: Do not build fortresses to protect yourself.

Isolation is dangerous. Isolation exposes you to more dangers than what protects you from. It cuts you off from valuable information. It makes you an easy target. Better to circulate among people. Find allies. Mingle. You’re shielded from your enemies by the crowd. Solitude is dangerous to reason, without being favorable to virtue.

Law # 19: Know who you are dealing with.

Do not offend the wrong person. Do not recite poetry to one who is not a poet. When you meet a swordsman, draw a sword. Being able to recognize the types of people and act accordingly is critical. Distinguish the wolves from the lambs. If you deal blindly for whoever crosses your paths, you will have a life of constant sorrow.

The 5 most dangerous and difficult types of the mark in the jungle:

  1. The arrogant and proud man. His touchy pride makes him very dangerous. Any perceived slight will lead to a vengeance of overwhelming violence. If you sense an overacting, oversensitive pride, flee. Whatever you’re hoping from him, he is no worth it.
  2. The hopelessly insecure man. This man is related to the proud and arrogant type but is less violent and harder to spot. His ego is fragile. His sense of self is insecure. If he feels deceived and attacked, the hurt will simmer. He will attack you in bites that will take forever to be big enough for you to notice. Disappear for a long time. Do not stay around him or he will nibble you to death.
  3. Mr. Suspicion. He sees what he wants to see, usually the worst in other people. He imagines that everyone is after him. The least dangerous of the three, and is usually deceived. Play on his suspicious nature, to get him to turn against other people. But if you become the target of his suspicion, watch out.
  4. The serpent with a long memory. If hurt or deceived, this man will show no anger in the surface but will calculate and wait. Then when the tables have turned, he will mark with cold-blooded shrewdness. Recognize this man by calculation and cunning by different areas in his life. He is usually cold and unaffectionate. Be careful of this snake. If you somehow injured him, either crushed him completely or get him out of your sight. e. The plain, unassuming and often unintelligent man. This man is a lot harder to deceive than you imagine. This man will not take the bait because he does not recognize it. He is that unaware. The danger with this man is not that he will harm you, but merely that he will waste your time, your energy, your resources in trying to deceive him. Make a test by cracking a joke, a story. If his response is utter literal, then this is the type you are dealing with. Never assume that the person you are dealing with is somehow weaker or less important than you are. Some men are slow to take offense which may make you misjudge the thickness of their skin and fail to worry about insulting them. But should you offend their honor and their pride, they will overwhelm you with a violence that seems sudden and extreme, given their slowness to anger. Never reject them with an insult until you know them better.

Law # 20: Do not commit to anyone.

Do not commit to any side. But be quartered to law. It is the fool who always rushes to take sides. Do not commit to any side or cause, but to yourself. By maintaining your independence, you become the master of others. Play the virgin queen. Give them hope, but never satisfaction. Stay aloof and people will come to you. You will remain a magnet of attention and desire. Stay above the fray. Do not let people drag you into a petty fight. Let others do the fighting while you stand back and wait. Restrain your natural ability to take sides. You can appear to take both sides, and then play the antagonists. You have advantages in the alliance. Play a waiting game and you cannot lose.

Law # 21: Play a sucker to catch a sucker.

Seem dumber than your mark. Make your victims feel smart. Not just smart, but smarter than you are. They will never suspect that you may have an interior motive. By playing the fool, you are left alone. Intelligence is the obvious quality to downplay. Make other people more sophisticated than you are, and their guard will come down. They will keep you around because you make them feel better about themselves. And the longer you are around, the more opportunities you have to deceive. To reveal the true nature of your intelligence rarely pays. You should get a habit of downplaying it at all times. If people learn the truth, that you are actually much smarter than you look, they will admire you more for being discreet than for making your brilliant show.

Law # 22: Use the surrender tactic.

Transform weakness into power. When you are weaker, never fight for an honest mistake. Choose surrender instead. Surrender gives you time to recover. Do not give him the satisfaction of fighting and defeating you. Surrender first. By turning the other cheek, you infuriate and unsettle him. Make surrender a tool of power. Weakness is not a sin. Weak people never give way when they ought to. No one comes to help the weak.

Law # 23: Concentrate your forces.

Conserve your forces and energies by keeping them concentrated at the strongest point.

You gain more by finding a rich mine and mining it deeper than from fleeting from one shallow mine and to the other. Intensity defeats ex-tensity every time. When looking for sources of power to elevate you, find the one key patron, the fat cow that will give you milk for a long time to come. Act with an utmost concentration. Intellect is a magnitude of intensity, not a magnitude of ex-tensity. Concentrate on a single goal, a single task and beat it into submission. The fool flips from one person to another, believing he will survive by spreading himself out. It is a corollary of the law of concentration, however, that much energy is saved, and more power is attained, by affixing yourself into one single appropriate source of power.

Law # 24: Play the perfect courtier.

Master the art of indirection. Master the art of the science of manipulating people. People want to be around them because they know how to please. Avoid too much attention to your action. Always talk less about yourself. Practice non-chalants. Never seem to be working too hard. The ease makes people think you are genius than a workaholic. Be frugal with flattery. Too much of a good thing loses value. Arrange to be noticed. Pay attention to your physical appearance. Find a way to a distinctive style and image. Alter your style depending on the person who you are dealing with. Never be a bearer of the bad news. Bring only good news and your approach will gladden your master. Never criticize above you directly. Air on the sight of subtlety and gentleness. Never joke about other people’s appearance or taste, especially to those above you. Be self observant. Have a mirror for your actions. You must be the mirror. Training yourself to see you. Master your emotions. Learn to cry and laugh when appropriate. Disguise your anger and frustration and fake your contentment and agreement. Be the master of your own face. Be a source of pleasure. In court, honesty is a fools’ game. It is never good to be trying too hard. Be able to speak and act against your feelings.

Law # 25: Recreate yourself.

Recreate yourself by forging a new identity. Stop allowing others to limit and mold you. Remake yourself into a character of power. Working on yourself like clay should be one of your most pleasurable life tasks. It makes you an artist, creating yourself. Self-creation is a work of art. Self-creation process: Be self-conscious. Be aware of yourself as an actor. The bad actor is the one who is always sincere. Create a memorable character. The one that stands above. Learn to play many roles. What cannot be grasped, cannot be consumed.

Law # 26: Keep your hands clean.

You must be a paragon of civility and efficiency. Your hands should be never soiled with mistakes. Disguise your involvement. Conceal your mistakes. Have a scape goat around to take the blame. People of power are not done by how they deal with mistakes. They do not apologize and make excuses. The mistake does not vanish with an apology. Make use of the cat’s paw. Have someone do the dirty work for you. The easiest and most effective way to use a cat’s paw is to plant information with him, that then he will spread to your primary target.

Law # 27: Play on the peoples need to believe, to create a cult-like following.

Steps to create cult-making: a. Keep vague. Keep it simple. This is through words. b. Emphasize the visual and the sensual, over the intellectual. Fill their eyes with spectacles. c. Borrow the forms of organized religion to structure the group. d. Disguise your source of income. e. Set up us versus them dynamic. Master the art of cult-making. A group is often easier to deceive than an individual.

Law # 28: Enter action with boldness.

If you are unsure or have doubts with your execution, do not attempt it. Your doubts and hesitations will infect executions. Timidity is dangerous. Better to enter with boldness. Everyone admires the bold. No one honors the timid. Hesitations put obstacles in your path. Boldness eliminates them. Practice the art of audacity. Psychological effects of boldness and timidity: The bolder the lie, the better. Lions circle the hesitant prey. Everything depends on perception. Boldness strikes fear. Fear creates authority. The bold move makes you larger and appears more powerful than you are. You establish a precedent. Going halfway with half a heart digs a deeper grave. Hesitation creates a gap. Boldness obliterates them. People prefer to be around the bold because their self-confidence affects us. If boldness is not natural, so is timidity. Your value is lowered if you are timid. Boldness is used at the right moment, not all the time. Learn to control and utilize at will.

Law # 29: Plan all the way to the end.

Never begin anything until you have contemplated what will be the end of it. The ending is everything. By planning till the end, you will not be overwhelmed by the circumstances, and you will know when to stop. Most men are ruled by the heart, not the head. When meeting with an obstacle, they improvised. But improvisation only gets you as far as the next crisis. Substitute thinking several steps ahead and plan until the end. What good is it to have all the best dreams in the world, only for others to reap the benefits and glory? Unhappy endings are much more common than happy ones. Do not get swayed by the happy ending ones. Your conclusions must be crystal clear. Have a clear objective and a far-reaching plan. You will see the future is uncertain and you will be open to adaptation. There are very few men and the early exceptions who are able to think and feel beyond the present moment. Look to the end no matter what it is you are considering.

Law # 30: Make your accomplishment seem effortless.

Your actions must seem effortless and with ease. Avoid the temptation of revealing how hard you work. It only raises your questions. Teach no one your tricks or it can be used against you. Keep the extent of your abilities unknown. For ‘guesses’ allow more veneration. Conceal the efforts behind your work. Nature does not reveal its tricks. As a person of power, you must research and practice endlessly before appearing in public. Never expose your sweat and labor behind your poise. Keep your efforts and tricks to yourself and you seem to have the grace and ease of a god. One never sees the source of a god’s power. One only sees the effects.

Law # 31: Control the options.

Get others to play with the cards you deal with. The best deceptions are those that you allow others to make a choice. Your victims feel they are in control but actually your puppets. Give people options that come out of your favor. Force them to make a choice between the lesser of two evils, both of which serves your purpose. There is a saying that if you can get the bird to walk into the cage on its own, it will sing that much more happily. In controlling the options: color the choices, alter the playing field.

Law # 32: Play to people’s fantasies.

The truth is often avoided because it is either ugly or unpleasant. Never appeal to the reality unless you are prepared to the anger to disenchantment. People who can manufacture romance is like an oasis to the desert. Everyone flocks to them. There is great power in tapping into the fantasies of the masses. Never be distracted by people’s glamorous portrait of themselves and their lives. Search and dig for what really imprisons them. Once you find that, you have a magical key of power on your hands.

Law # 33: Discover each mans’ thumbscrew.

Everyone has a weakness. Turn that thumb-screw into your advantage. Finding the thumbscrew: a. Pay attention to gestures and unconscious body signals. A search for people’s weakness. Train your eye for details. Find people’ idols. b. Find the helpless child. c. Look for contrast. d. Find the weak link. e. Fill the void. Here are the main voids to fill: Insecurity – the need for social validation, Unhappiness – look for roots of the unhappiness. f. Feed on uncontrollable emotions. People’s need for validation and recognition, the need to feel important, is the best kind of weakness to exploit. It is universal. Exploiting it is so very easy. Find ways to make people better about their taste, their intelligence, their social standing. Once you can turn them in like a thumbscrew.

Law # 34: Be royal in your own fashion.

Act like a king to be treated like one. Integrity is your standard. Never lose your self-respect. The way you carry yourself affects how you are treated. Confidence is usually shown by the nobility themselves. Powerful aristocracy feels no need to prove or assert themselves. Being noble, knew that they always deserve more and ask for it. It is within your power to set your own price. If you ask for little, lower your head, people will assume this reflects your character. It is only how you present yourself. Buoyancy, confidence. The feeling that you were born to wear a crown. Be overcome by your self-belief. Act differently. Demonstrating difference to those around you. One way to act is to act with dignity, no matter the circumstances. In front of all kinds of abuse, even bulgar, maintain your dignified pose, as if completely unaffected. This will elevate you while making the bulgar abusers even uglier. This is the mask to assume under difficult circumstances. It is as if, nothing can affect you and you have all the time in the world to respond. This is an extremely powerful pose. Projecting a royal demeanor outwardly: First, the Columbus Strategy. Always make a bold demand. Set your price high and do not waver. Second, in a dignified way, go after the highest person in the building. This will immediately put you in the same plane as the chief executive you are attacking. This creates a David and Goliath strategy. By choosing a great opponent, you create the appearance of greatness. Third, give a gift to those above you. This is the strategy of those who have a patron. You’re essentially saying that the two of you are equal. If you take this too far, it will be a reversal. Never make a mistake of thinking you elevate yourself by humiliating people. Or don’t loom too high above the ground, or an aristocratic pose as it could be dangerous.

Law # 35: Master the art of timing.

Never seem to hurry, as if you lack control of time. Always seem patient. As if everything will come to you anyway. Learn to stand back when time is not ripe. And to strike fiercely when the time has achieved fruition. Space we can recover, time never. Sometimes not acting in the face of danger is the best move. You wait and slow down. As time passes, it will eventually present opportunities you had not to imagine. Waiting involves controlling not only your emotions but also your colleagues. The success that is built slowly and surely is the one that lasts. Make people wait, as long as they don’t know what you’re up to. Perseverance is more effective than brute strength. Master them little by little. The steady continuous effort is irresistible. This is the way time captures and subdues the greatest power on earth.

Law # 36: Disdain things you cannot have.

Ignoring them is the best revenge. The more attention you pay an enemy, the stronger you make him. A small mistake is often made worse and visible when you try to fix it. It is sometimes best to leave things alone. If there’s something you want but cannot have, show contempt for it. The less interest you reveal, the more superior you seem. You choose to let things bother you. Consider trivial things unworthy of your interest. Your pride is not involved. Learn to play the card of disdain. If there’s something you cannot have, a more powerful tactic is to act like it didn’t interest you in the first place. Do not over apologize. Contempt and disdain are powerful responses. Never show that something has affected you. Or that you are offended. That only shows you acknowledge the problem. Contempt is a dish that is best served cold and without affectation. Keep an eye on the enemy only privately.

Law # 37: Create compelling spectacles.

Striking imagery and grand symbolic gestures create an aura of power. Everyone responds to them. Dazzle by appearances and no one will notice what you’re really doing. Words put you on the defensive. If you have to explain yourself, your power is already in question. The image, on the other hand, imposes as a given. It discourages question. Communicates instantly. Words stir up arguments and divisions. Images bring people together. They are quintessential instruments of power. The truth is generally seen and rarely heard. There is no possible reversal for this law.

Law # 38: Think as you like, but behave like others.

If you flaunt your unconventional ideas and unorthodox ways, people will think that you only want attention and that you look down upon them. They will find a way to punish you by making them feel inferior. Blend in and nurture the common touch. Share your originality only to tolerant friends who will for sure appreciate your uniqueness. When you go into society, leave behind your own ideas and values. Put on a mask most appropriate on a group which you find yourself. People will swallow the bait of believing you share the same ideas. Let them know exactly what you stand for. Of course, you have values. The values you share with them. Think with a few and speak with the many. Disagreement is regarded as offensive because it is condemnation with the views of others. Truth is for the few. Error is as usual as it is vulgar. Retire into the sanctuary of your silence. He lives well, who conceals himself well.

Law # 39: Stir up water to catch fish.

Anger and emotion are counterproductive. You must stay calm and objective. But if you can make your enemy emotional while you stay calm, you gain a decided advantage. When the waters are still, your opponents have the time and space to plot actions that they will initiate and control. So stir the waters. Force the fish to the surface. Get them to act before they are ready. Steal the initiative. The best way to do this is to play on uncontrollable emotions: pride and anger, vanity, love, hate. Once the waters are stirred up, the little fish cannot help but rise to the bait. The angrier they become, the less control they have. A sovereign should never launch an army out of anger. A leader should never start a war out of wrath. Choose carefully who you bait and never stir up the shark. It is only the cold-blooded animals whose bites are poisonous.

Law # 40: Despise the free lunch.

What is offered for free is dangerous? It usually involves either a trick or a hidden obligation. What has worth is worth paying for. By paying your own way, you stay clear of gratitude, guilt, and deceit. It is often wise to pay the full price. There are no cutting corners with excellence. Generosity is a sign and magnet of power. The powerful understands that money is psychologically charged.

Types that represent the opposite pole to the powerful: Learn to recognize them, avoid their poisonous natures, and use their inflexibility to your advantage. a. The Greedy Fish – only sees balance sheets. They are the con artists bread and butter. They are easy to deceive for they spend so much time with numbers, and not with people that they become blind with psychology, including their own. b. The Bargain Demon. c. The Sadists

Law # 41: Avoid stepping into a great man’s shoes.

What happens first always comes more original than what happens after. If you succeed a great man or a famous parent, you will have to double your achievements to outshine them. Do not get lost in their shadow. Or stuck in the past, not of your own making. Establish your own name by changing course. Slay the overbearing father. Disparage his legacy. And gain power by shining in your own way. One way to escape the shadow of the past is to belittle it. Demonstrate a style and symbolism that sets you apart.

Law # 42: Strike the shepherd and the sheep will scatter.

Trouble can often be traced to a single, strong individual. The stir, the arrogant underling. Do not wait for the troubles they create to multiple. Neutralize their influence by isolating or banishing them. Strike at the source of the trouble and the sheep will scatter. When the tree falls, the monkeys scatter. Do not waste your time lashing out on all directions, on what seems to be a many-headed enemy. Find the one head that matters. The person with willpower, or smarts, or most important of all- charisma. Whatever it costs you, lure this person away. For once he is absent, his powers will lose an effect. His isolation can be physical. Banishment, or absence from the court. Political, narrowing his base of support. Or psychological, alienating him from the group through slander and insinuation. Cancer begins at a single cell. Exercise it, before it spreads beyond cure. Powerful people never waste time. The reason you strike at the shepherd is that you disheartened the sheep, without any measure.

Law # 43: Work on the hearts and minds of others.

Coercion creates a reaction that will eventually work against you. You must seduce others to wanting to move in your direction. The person you have seduced becomes your loyal pawn. The way to seduce others is to operate their individual psychologies and weaknesses. Soften up the resistant by working on their emotions. Playing on to what they hold dear and what they fear. Ignore the hearts and minds of others and they will grow to hate you. To soften them up, alternate harshness with mercy. Play on their basic fears, and also their loves – freedom, families, etc. Stir up these emotions and you stir up our hearts. Create dramatic jolts, and shake them to their core. Push people to despair and give them relief. Learn to play the numbers game. The wider your support base, the stronger your power. Persuasion is more effective than force.

Law # 44: Disarm and infuriate with the mirror effect.

The mirror is a perfect tool for deception. When you mirror your enemies exactly as they do, they cannot exactly figure out your strategy. The mirror effect mocks and humiliates them. Making them react. By holding up a mirror to their psyches, you give them the illusion that you share their values. The mirror effect unsettles your target.

There are 4 main mirror effects in the realm of power:

  1. The Neutralizing Effect – Do what your enemies do. Following their actions as best as you can and they cannot see what you’re up to. They’re blinded by their mirror. Neutralize it by playing a game of mimicry with them. You shadow your opponents, a preeminent device by detectives and spies.
  2. The Narcissistic Effect – The narcissist hardly ever make an effort to see things through our eyes. It is annoying but it also creates an opportunity. If you can show another person by reflecting their inward feelings, the narcissist will be entranced and charmed. You might be manufacturing it for their benefit and for deceptive purposes of your own.
  3. The Moral Effect – The power of verbal argument is extremely limited. It often accomplishes the opposite of what is intended. The truth is generally seen, rarely heard. This is the perfect way to demonstrate your ideas through your actions. Quite simply, you teach others the lesson by giving them the taste of their own medicine. In the moral effect, you mirror what other people have done to you. And makes them realize you are doing to them exactly what they did to you. Making them feel what they have done to you was unpleasant, as oppose to you complaining and whine about it which only makes their defenses up. This technique is often used by educators and psychologists. This is the teachers’ mirror.
  4. The Hallucinatory Effect – This is the deceivers’ mirror. As Christ Himself understood, talking in parables is often the best way to teach a lesson, for it allows people to realize the truth on their own. Beware of mirrored situations.

Law # 45: Preach the need for change but never reform too much at once.

Everyone understands the need for change on the abstract, but on the day to day level, people are creatures of habit. Too much innovation is traumatic and will lead to revolt. If you are new to a position of power, make a show of respecting on the old way of doing things. Change is necessary, make it a gentle improvement of the past. Too much of change creates anxiety. Never underestimate the conservatism of those around you. The past is powerful. What happened before seems greater. Use this to your advantage. When you destroy the familiar, you create a vacuum. People will fear the chaos that will flood in. You must avoid stirring up such fears at all cost. Create a comforting, familiar presence. Cloak the change you are attempting. Another strategy to disguise change is to make a loud and public display of support for the values of the past. Seem to be a zealot of tradition and few will notice how unconventional you really are. Play with appearances and respect past protocol. Those who finish the revolution are rarely the ones who start it.

Law # 46: Never appear too perfect.

Appearing better than others is always dangerous. But most dangerous of all is appearing no faults or weaknesses. Envy creates silent enemies. It is smart to occasionally display defects and admit to harmless vices. In order to deflect envy and appear more human. Only a minority can succeed in the game of life. And that minority inevitably arouses the envy of those around them. The people who you fear the most are in your circle, the family and friends and acquaintances you’ve left behind. Feelings of inferiority gnaw at them. The thoughts of your success only heighten their feelings of stagnation. Envy, which is unhappy admiration, takes hold. Learn strategies of deflection. Either dampen your brilliance occasionally. Purposely revealing a defect or weaknesses, and anxiety. Or attributing your success to luck. Or simply finding new friends. Never underestimate the power of envy. Envy is a weed that should not be watered. Never flaunt your wealth. The fool dares the gods of envy by flaunting his victories. The master of power understands that the superiority over others is inconsequential next to the reality of it. Of all diseases of the soul, envy is the only one no one confesses into. The naturally perfect are the ones who have to work the most to deflect their talents. Envy is the tax, that all distinctions must pay. It takes talent and skill to conceal one’s talent and skill.

Law # 47: Do not go pass the mark you aim for: In Victory learn when to stop.

The moment of victory is often the moment of greatest peril. In the heat of victory, arrogance and overconfidence can push you past the goal you aim for. And by going too far, you’ll make more enemies than you defeat. There is no substitute for strategy in careful planning. Set and goal and when you reach it, stop. One act of arrogance can undo all your good work. There is nothing more intoxicating than victory and nothing more dangerous. Understand, in the rule of power, you must be guided with reason, not emotion. When you gain success, step back. Be cautious. Never simply repeat the same actions again and again. The greatest danger occurs at the moment of victory. Mistakes are always made when people get to the easiest places.

Law # 48: Assume formlessness..

By taking a shape, by a visible plan, you open yourself to attack. Instead of taking a form, keep yourself adaptable and on the move. Accept the fact that nothing is certain. And no law is fixed. Be as fluid and formless as water. Never bet on stability and order. Everything changes. Learn to move fast and adapt or you will be eaten. The two board games that best approximate the strategies of war are chess and the Asian game of go. Be like a vapor. Only formlessness allows you to truly surprise your enemies. By the time they figure out where you are, it is too late. People are constantly distinguishable by forms. The powerful are constantly creating forms. The enemies cannot see anything solid to attack. It is ungraspable. The first psychological requirement of formlessness is to take nothing personally. Never be defensive. When you act defensive, you show your emotions revealing your clear form. Your opponents will realize that they had hit a nerve, an Achilles’ heel. And they will hit it again and again. So train yourself to not take anything personally. Let no one know what gets to you. Be vigilant. See events through your own eyes. Throw out the laws others preach. Keep your long term strategy on the mind. Use concentration, speed, and power.